Introduction to petroleum refining and crude oil composition. Fundamentals of petroleum refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations. By nature, many refining applications are severe ser. Epa office of general enforcement, petroleum refinery enforcement manual, 1980. In this lecture, we present a brief overview of the petroleum refining, a prominent process. The petroleum refining industry industry overview the petroleum refining industry uses the largest quantity of premium fuels in the industrial sector, amounting to 2,7 quads in 1981. Corrosion problems and solutions in oil refining and. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. When first published in 1936 a main purpose of this book was the introduction of the principles of chemical engineering. Historically, we know of the tales of eternal fires where oil and gas seeps would ignite and burn.
Petroleum refinery activities start with receipt of. This book will be a mile stone for its readers who are new to this sector, will also find useful for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this. The distillation of crude oil is the start of the refining process, and is primarily a boiling operation crude oil is first washed to remove salt, heated in a furnace, and introduced to the crude distillation unit called a cdu in this tower, the crude oil is separated by boiling range into a number of fractions. Covers the technologies and operations of petroleum refineries provides material on operating a jointly owned and operated refinery gives readers a comprehensive introduction to petroleum refining, as well as a full reference to engineers in the field. Petroleum refining at a glance petroleum refining is a unique and critical link in the petroleum supply chain, from the wellhead to the pump. Step 2 most typical methods of crude oil desalting are chemical and electrostatic separation, and both use hot water as the extraction agent. In response to this large number of fatal or catastrophic incidents, osha initiated cpl 0300004, the petroleum refinery process safety management national emphasis program nep, in june 2007.
This update to the original petroleum and the environment provides a completely rewritten overview of many environmental considerations associated with current practices as of 2018 in oil and gas explo ration, production, processing, refining, transportation, and use. This introduction to refining is aimed to cover the technical issues into a business. For chemical engineers who work in the petroleum refining industry, this is one of the definitive must have textbooks and is as relevant in 2015 as when it was written. The first two chapters present an introduction to the petroleum refining industry and then focus on. Petroleum refining processes and economics for non. Adopting a systematic and practical approach, the authors include the theory, case studies and handson workshops, explaining how to work.
Refining of petroleum, lubricating oils, greases and solid lubricants, refinery products, crude distillation and photographs of machinery with suppliers contact details. Nelson, professor of petroleum refining, university of tulsa. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition. Detailed study of the petroleum refining category 2019. Concept of hydrocarbon processing petroleum crude and refining. The other links add value to petroleum mainly by moving and storing it e. Introduction this tutorial addresses the basic principles of petroleum refining, as they relate to the produc tion of ultralowsulfur fuels ulsf, in particular gasoline uls g and diesel fuel ulsd. This seminar program, outlined below, was designed to serve as an introduction to petroleum refining processing. However, it has become apparent, with the introduction of the heavier feedstocks into refinery operations, that. A comprehensive overview of the current progress of mathematical. This book describes refinery processes in a concise manner which is necessary for.
It illustrates all the possible processes to lower the sulfur contents in petroleum and its fractions to decrease emissions of sulfur oxides. This courseware module is part of penn states college of earth and mineral sciences oer initiative. Crude oil introduced to refinery processing contains many undesirable. Historically, we know the tales of eternal fires where oil and gas seeps ignited and burned. New appendix b of the fourth edition introduces the. International interest is being recognized in this fourth edition by the introduction of more information on foreign crude oils and more complete information on the evaluation of oils.
Typical removal efficiencies for oil refinery 106 treatment processes estimated total annual costs for endofpipe 114 treatment systems for the petroleum refining industry existing refineries summary of endofpipe waste water treatment 115 costs for representative plants in the petroleum refinery industry xii. Present and future trend major challenges and future strategies in petroleum refining industry petroleum and petrochemical integration for value addition future fuel quality and refinery economics. Introduction to refining the modern crude oil refinery is designed to convert basic raw crude oil into various useful products through a series of separation and chemical processes. This section describes the processes by which refining occurs and the options that allow a refinery flexibility to treat a variety of feedstocks. Classified under sic 29, the petroleum refining industry is defined.
The viscous nature of heavy oil is a problem for recovery operations and for refining the viscosity of the oil may be too high thereby rendering recovery expensive andor difficult and the sulfur content may be high, which increases the expense of refining the oil. This authoritative resource will prove essential for anyone who needs. Handbook of refinery desulfurization 1st edition nour. Jun 30, 2020 handbook of refinery desulfurization describes the operation of the various desulfurization process units in a petroleum refinery.
An oil trap is a nonporous rock formation that holds the oil pool in place. Recruit the best candidates to the industry by actively reaching out to the public, by communicating the benefits of a career in oil. Pdf oil and gas production handbook an introduction to oil. A pioneering and comprehensive introduction to the complex subject of integrated refinery process simulation, using many of the tools and techniques currently employed in modern refineries. This book emphasises that nearly every aspect of modern life is impacted by oil and gas. This book is the most uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the stateoftheart to the engineer, scientist, or student. Petroleum refining design and applications handbook wiley. This combination of properties makes the olddeep crudes the most desirable. Oil and gas production handbook an introduction to oil and gas production. Pdf introduction to crude oil refining, kolmetz handbook of. Power stations burn oil and gas to produce electricity, oil and gas are used to create medicines, plastics, textiles, cosmetics and many other products that enhance our lives.
Petroleum refinery engineering hardcover january 1, 1969 by w. Holstein, editor vi emerging and peripheral technologies. Step 1 in the refining process is to remove these contaminants so as to reduce corrosion, plugging, and fouling of equipment and to prevent poisoning catalysts in processing units. Development document for the petroleum refining category. When first published 1936 a main purpose of this book was the introduction of the principles of chemical engineering to the petroleum refining industry. The text introduces the basics of dealing with the thermodynamics and physical property predictions of hydrocarbon components in the. It is second only to the chemicals industry in the total amount of energy it consumes. Section 2 provides an overview of current regulations affecting the petroleum refining. Pdf oil and gas production handbook an introduction to. The seminar focuses on the core refining processes of fluid catalytic cracking, alkylation, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and catalytic reforming, although all major processes are covered in detail. Handbook of petroleum processing is an indispensable desk reference for chemist and engineers and also an essential part of the libraries of universities with a chemical engineering faculty and oil refineries and engineering firms performing support functions or construction. It also explains the processes that produce raw materials for the petrochemical industry. Rent petroleum refining technology and economics, fifth edition 5th edition 9780849370380 and save up to 80% on textbook rentals and 90% on used textbooks. Fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition elsevier.
The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery. Introduction to petroleum refining processing refining. The book is being used as a handbook to production operator, supervisors and superintendents, but is. Chemistry, refining, fuels and petrochemicals petroleum. Detailed study of the petroleum refining category 2019 report. Introduction refining petroleum involves subjecting the feedstock to a series of physical and. Chemistry, refining, fuels and petrochemicals petroleum products james g. The introduction to oil and gas training program seeks to accomplish the following objectives. This is an introductory textbook for the essentials in crude oil and final. Development document for the petroleum refining category 1974. The book is an comprehensive easy to read introduction to the production of hydrocarbons. For example, the refinery process is used to produce gasoline, kerosene, light oils, lubricating oils, and gases. Mitchell, editor iii facilities and construction engineering kenneth e. Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing industry.
Atmospheric and vacuum crude distillation units in petroleum refineries. Therefore an olddeep crude oil has low viscosity, low density, and very low sulfur content. Petroleum refining technology and economics, fifth edition. Havard devold oil and gas production handbook an introduction. Obviously, in order to stay in the ground, the fluids oil and associated gas must be trapped, so that they cannot flow to the surface of the earth. Introduction to petroleum refining and the production of ultra low. Introduction this report summarizes information collected and analyzed by the united states environmental protection agency epa as part of a detailed study of the petroleum refining. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. Further, it describes and analyzes corrosion control actions, corrosion monitoring, and corrosion management.
China petrochemical press petroleum refining engineers handbook volume. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. In areas where oil is found in shallow reservoirs, seeps of crude oil or gas may naturally develop, and some oil could simply be collected from seepage or tar ponds. A petroleum refinery heavily depends on crude oil as its main.
Adopting a systematic and practical approach, the authors include the theory, case studies and handson workshops, explaining how to work with real data. This tutorial addresses the basic principles of petroleum refining. Fractionation distillation is the separation of crude oil in atmospheric and vacuum distillation towers into groups of hydrocarbon compounds of differing boilingpoint ranges called fractions or cuts. Pdf introduction to crude oil and petroleum processing.
Useful as a textbook, this is also an excellent, handy goto reference for the veteran engineer, a volume no chemical or process engineering library. Petroleum refining processes, as one of the most working sellers here will. An overview of refinery operations, safety, processes and economics become familiar with the equipment of a refinery. Arnold, editor iv production operations engineering joe dunn clegg, editor v reservoir engineering and petrophysics edward d. Petroleum refining processes and economics for non technical. American petroleum institute, basic petroleum data book, july 1995. Listed below are 5 categories of general refinery processes and associated operations. The complexity of modern refinery operations are difficult to people that are not involved with the industry.
Introduction purpose and authority methods used for development of the effluent limitation guidelines and standard of performance. Oil and gas production handbook an introduction to oil and gas production, transport, refining and petrochemical industry. Pdf oil and gas production an introduction to oil and gas. Petroleum refinery engineering mcgrawhill series in. Read online petroleum engineering handbook for the practicing engineer, vol. Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attributionnoncommercialsharealike 4. Petroleum refining processes having direct emission sources are presented on the figure in boldline boxes.
Robinson published petroleum processing overview find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Petroleum refining and the prod uction of ulsg and ulsd october 24, 2011 page 1 1. Gain a complete understanding of the latest petroleum refining process techniques. This practical book approaches the basic limitations of reservoir. Thermophvsical properties of petroleum fractions and crude oils. The chemical industry now looks to petroleum refiners for leadership in the.
Speight encyclopedia of life support systems eolss refinery gas c1 c4 161 1 259 31 liquefied petroleum gas c3 c4 42 1 44 31 naphtha c5 c17 36 302 97 575 gasoline c4 c12 1 216 31 421. The handbook describes and discusses the key components and processes that make up the petroleum refining industry. Semih eser, professor of energy and geoenvironmental engineering, college of earth and mineral sciences, penn state. Refining operations petroleum refining processes and operations can be separated into five basic areas. The following sections of this report provide an overview of the petroleum refining industry and a summary of the analyses conducted by the epa as part of the detailed study. Pdf oil and gas production an introduction to oil and. Catalysis plays a key role in petroleum refining as most of the processes are catalytic. Refining process flow diagram introduction to refining the modern crude oil refinery is designed to convert basic raw crude oil into various useful products through a series of separation and chemical processes. Primary crude oil cuts in a typical refinery include gases, lightheavy naphtha, kerosene. This book addresses corrosion problems and their solutions at facilities in the oil refining and petrochemical industry, including cooling water and boiler feed water units.
1423 1340 1508 1533 1198 938 1342 1209 95 326 1402 110 303 777 727 529 1635 1432 225 808 935 1609 616