Can use this information to improve intraprocedural analyses and optimization e. Interprocedural analysis and optimization computer science. Compiler design 4 how to optimize across methods without inlining. Plan 1994 conference on programming language design and implementation, 1994. Compiler design analysis and transformation helmut.
Our longterm goal is to design cla versions of existing. Interprocedural analysis that is performed by the ipa compiler. Cs553 lecture interprocedural analysis 5 interprocedural analysis vs. Introduces the theory and practice of compiler design. If the entire program cant fit in ram, this will lead to unnecessary swapping. Proceedings of sigplan 84 symposium on compiler construction, sigplan notices, 196. This circular dependency between interprocedural analysis and call. To perform interprocedural analysis, a compiler needs not only the source code of the. Interprocedural analysis basic concepts of interprocedural analysis. For our purpose, we consider original program text or a compiler processed representation which has explicit calls to read or write operations.
Aliasing compilers data dependence interprocedural analysis parallelism detection 1. Unified interprocedural parallelism detection springerlink. Here you can download the free lecture notes of compiler design notes pdf cd notes pdf materials with multiple file links to download. Basic course in compiler construction, corresponding to the undergraduate courses. We design and implement an interprocedural exception analysis algorithm. Compiler construction, lncs 2622, pages 153169, 2003. Interprocedural analysis ipa enables the compiler to optimize across different files wholeprogram analysis, and it can result in significant performance improvements. Contextsensitive interprocedural pointsto analysis in the. First, in jumpfunction construction, the analyzer can notice that many of those variables. The authors are among the established experts on compiler construction, with decades of related teaching experience. If there is a call to another routine that occurs within a loop, ipo analysis may. This system is designed to support extensive interprocedural and pro ledriven optimizations, while being e cient enough for use in commercial compiler systems. Runtime best optimization analysis potential can even use runtime.
This paper discusses design and implementation of an interprocedural analysis of aggregates which is capable of identifying aggregates which are used in a simple way so that they do not have any. Covers topics like contextfree grammars, fine state machines, and syntaxdirected translation. Interprocedural dependence analysis and parallelization. Using iterative analysis keep the current solution in a map from procs to summaries keep a worklist of procedures to process pick a proc from the worklist, compute its summary using intraprocedural analysis and the current summaries for all other nodes if summary has changed, add callerscallees to. Michael burke, an interval analysis approach toward interprocedural data flow, ibm research report rc 10640, july 1984. Advanced compiler design and implementation steven s. Compiler design analysis and transformation helmut seidl. Principles of compiler design by aho and ullman pdf. Manual parallelization versus stateoftheart parallelization techniques. References in case you want to want to read about the material we are seeing in class, here are several books you can look at. It is our viewpoint that any alias analysis must be implemented and tested in order to measure the actual costs and benefits of the analysis. This paper concerns interprocedural dataflowanalysis problems in which the dataflow information at a. Basics of compiler design pdf 319p this book covers the following topics related to compiler design.
Cs5915 selected topics in compiler design data flow analysis. Intel fpga support resources design tools and software. A convenient way to represent a type expression is to use a graph. Pdf the impact of interprocedural analysis and optimization. One of the primary goals of the ir n programming environment project is to mount a concerted attack on the problems of performing interprocedural analysis and optimization in a compiler. Us5778212a interprocedural analysis user interface. Interprocedural analysis acrossbetween procedures brief overview cs 380c lecture 22 1 interprocedural analysis dealing with procedures terminology int a, e globals procedure foovar b, c formal args b. Related interprocedural approaches are compared in sections 4 and 7.
Precise interprocedural dataflow analysis with applications to. Reinhard wilhelm is the head of the compiler design lab of the universitat des saarlandes, and his main research interests include compiler construction. This thesis presents llvm, a design and implementation of a compiler infrastructure which supports a unique multistage optimization system. Helmut seidl heads the institut fur informatik of the technische universitat munchen, and his main. Crossref tim birus, christine cipriani and dean sutherland, interprocedural call optimization, reliable software technologies adaeurope 96, 10.
Additionally, ipo may reorder the routines for better me. Prerequisites cmsc 610 or permission of instructor. Compiler design cs8602 anna university lecture notes. During the analysis process, the compiler reads all intermediate representation ir in the mock file, object files, and library files to determine if all references are resolved and whether or not a. The optimizing translator performs interprocedural analysis, but only within a compilation unit. We have completely implemented the analysis described in this paper, and in section 6 we.
Online study material, lecturing notes, assignment, reference, wiki and important questions and answers. Ipo differs from other compiler optimization because it analyzes the entire program. Principles of compiler design by aho and ullman pdf download principles of compiler design a. Static program analysis department of computer science. Written for professionals and graduate students, the book guides readers in designing and implementing efficient structures for highly optimizing compilers for real.
Dataflow testing, interprocedural dataflow analysis, interprocedural definitionuse chains, interprocedural reachable uses, interprocedural reaching definitions this work was partially supported by the national science foundation under grantccr9i109531. The modularity of iecfg is also important in practice, for permitting reuse in presence of separate compilation units. But interprocedural analysis in turn requires that a call graph be built prior to the analysis being performed. Interprocedural optimization ipo is a collection of compiler techniques used in computer. An interprocedural parallelizing compiler and its support.
This is best verified by a tedious manual inspection. Interprocedural analysis harvard seas harvard university. You can specify interprocedural analysis on the compilation step only or on both compilation and link steps in whole program mode. The free software gcc was criticized for a long time for lacking powerful interprocedural optimizations, but it is changing in this respect. Frameworks for intra and interprocedural dataflow analysis. Interprocedural dataflow analysis is a widelyused form of static program anal ysis. Interprocedural optimization is a threestep process figure 1. Generate intra procedural analysis and extend it to whole program. Principles of program analysis by flemming nielson, hanne. The definitive book on advanced compiler design this comprehensive, uptodate work examines advanced issues in the design and implementation of compilers for modern processors. Experimental comparison of call string and functional approaches.
This material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant ccf0546040. The impact of interprocedural analysis and optimization on. Experimental comparison of call string and functional approaches to interprocedural analysis. The interprocedural dataflow analysis technique computes interprocedural definitionuse usedefinition chains for recursive procedures, making its use applicable to a wider range of programs. Interprocedural analysis functional approach i procedures treated as structures of blocks i computes relationship between df value at entry node and related data at any internal node of procedure i at call site, df value propagated directly using the computed relation interprocedural flow graph first representation. Interprocedural analysis that is performed by the ipa compiler option improves on the limited interprocedural analysis described above. Interprocedural analysis functions are then performed on each of the extended object format files, resulting in ipa output files which preserve the compilation options. A stateoftheart algorithm for inclusionbased interprocedural alias analysis. Parallel and distributed compilers, algorithm design, regionbased ilp compiler optimization, partial inlining 1. As machines and languages have become more complicated, compiler tech.
Whole program analysis, when it can be done, enables many interprocedural optimizations. The impact of interprocedural analysis and optimization in the rn. Interprocedural dataflow analysis gives the compiler facts about the naming. They reemerged into the commercial compiler world in the early 1990s with compilers from both convex the application compiler for the convex c4 and from ardent the compiler for the ardent titan. Analysis compilation model separate compilation analysis quick, but no opportunities for interprocedural analysis linktime allows interprocedural and whole program analysis but what about shared precompiled libraries. Introduction to compiling, a simple onepass compiler, lexical analysis, syntax analysis, syntaxdirected translation, type checking, runtime environments, intermediate code generation, code generation, code optimization. Pdf a general interprocedural framework for placement of. Efficient computation of interprocedural definitionuse chains.
The impact of interprocedural analysis and optimization on the design of a software development environment. Evaluation of a regionbased partial inlining algorithm for. Empirical results gathered during the analysis of large fortran programs are also listed and discussed. Df00100 advanced compiler construction phd course, 9hp, spring 2021 goals give ph.
Such a compiler must be structured differently than one that supports a traditional 1 the compiler must have access to information about all the procedures in a program as it compiles each of them. Lexical analysis, syntax analysis, interpretation, type checking, intermediatecode generation, machinecode generation, register allocation, function calls, analysis and optimisation, memory management and bootstrapping a compiler. Compiler generated type variables will be used in section 6. Interprocedural optimization ipo intel developer zone. Pdf interprocedural constant propagation keith cooper. Interprocedural analysis incorporate the effects of method calls increase the scope of analysis requires a call graph cg opposite.
We cover type analysis, lattice theory, control flow graphs, dataflow analysis. Interprocedural analysis and optimization, dataflow. Interprocedural program analysis for java based on weighted. Nptel computer science and engineering compiler design. If you get that wrong, nothing else is going to work. Interprocedural analysis is a mechanism for performing optimization across function boundaries. However, construction of a precise call graph is in itself. Linear memory access descriptors are independent of any declarations that may exist in a program, so they are subroutine and languageindependent. Interprocedural dataflow analysis in the presence of. Lam, proceedings of the 8th international workshop on languages and compilers for parallel computing lcpc95 august, 1995.
This circular dependency between interprocedural analysis and call graph construction is the key technical. Contextsensitive interprocedural pointsto analysis in. Gather information across multiple procedures typically across the entire program. Interprocedural analysis and optimization april 2010 nate nystrom uta tuesday, may 4, 2010. A compiler back end is invoked for each ipa output file to produce a standard format binary object file. Cs8602 compiler design anna university 2017 regulation syllabus download pdf download anna university notes android app. Advanced compiler design implementation steven muchnick. Based on this information, a compiler could perform a number of useful optimizations that are unavailable to it in current compilation schemes.
Interprocedural analysis an overview sciencedirect topics. Interprocedural constant propagation proceedings of the. Eliminating unnecessary recompilation michael burke ibm research and linda torczon rice university while efficient new algorithms for interprocedural dataflow analysis have made these tech niques practical for use in production compilation systems,a new problem has arisen. Steven muchnick, advanced compiler design implementation, morgan kaufmann. The modular design of iecfg is motivated by the need to model implicit calls to destructors during stack unwinding, when an exception is thrown.
Few commercial optimizing compilers employ interprocedural techniques because the cost of gathering the requisite information in a traditional compiler is too great. During the analysis process, the compiler reads all intermediate representation ir in the mock file, object files, and library files to determine if all references are resolved and whether or not a given symbol is defined in a mock object file. They enable us to design an interprocedural analysis based on them. Uday khedker, data flow analysis, the compiler design handbook, 10. Code generator issues in design part12 compiler design lec 53 bhanu priya jeffrey d. Interprocedural analysis concerns analyzing a program with multiple pro cedures, ideally taking.
All new chapter on interprocedural analysis, written by. The intel ia64 compiler provides extensive support for interprocedural analysis and optimization. To perform interprocedural analysis, the compiler needs access to all of the. Many of the issues involved in software design apply to systems in general, including hardware systems, and the emphasis on software is not intended to be exclusive. Basics of compiler design anniversary edition torben. Our outofissa translation algorithm enables us to leverage issa to improve performance without having to update every compiler pass. Michael burke and ron cytron, interprocedural dependence analysis and parallelization, ibm research report rci 1794, april, 1986. Programming projects provide experience with implementation issues and allow students to evaluate the impact of each technique. The analysis done with linear memory access descriptors is based on an intersection operation, for which we present an algorithm. This compiler design pdf notes cd pdf notes free download book starts with the topics covering phases of compilation, context free grammars, shift reduce parsing, lr and lalr parsing, intermediate forms of source programs, flow graph, consideration for. Inclusionbased also known as andersons algorithms are among the more powerful practical algorithms for interprocedural alias analysis. If you have to selfteach compiler development good luck.
The techniques of interprocedural analysis and optimization were the subject of academic research in the 1980s and 1990s. Algorithms, design additional key words and phrases. In the time since the edition of this book, the world of compiler design. Interprocedural analysis gathering information about the whole program instead of a single procedure examples. Keywords code optimization compiler construction compiler systems interprocedural analysis program transformation compiler optimization. Compiler design cd notes pdf free download 2020 sw. In this paper, we present svf, a tool that enables scalable and precise interprocedural analysis for c programs by leveraging recent advances in sparse analysis. This makes them ideal for use in interprocedural analysis.
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